Monitoring & Measurement

Monitoring :-

Reading and accepting the data from a specific source ( sensor ) to the computer for a specific purpose eg. weather, medical or environmental...ect.

Measurement :-

Studying the data received from the sensor so a correct action can be taken upon it .

How does it work??

A sensor, such as a temperature sensor, can be connected to a computer. The computer can then monitor the signal from the sensor, reacting to changes, or it can record the data from the sensor at predefined time intervals.

Uses of these systems:-

1)Scientific experiments :- Many experiments can be set-up and left to run with a data-logging system measuring things like the temperature of a liquid, etc.
2) Weather stations :- Often these are placed in very remote areas to collect data about rainfall, temperature, wind-speed, wind-direction, etc. Data needs to be gathered all day, every day. This data can then be used by weather forecasters to help predict the weather over the coming days.
3) Environmental monitoring :- Scientists are very concerned about the effect that humans are having on the environment. Computer-based data-logging is often used to help gather evidence of these effects: the level of water in a dam, the speed of water flowing down a river, the amount of pollution in the air, etc.

E-Teaching....

Payroll Systems ...

Identify Payroll Systems:

A payroll system is essentially the mechanisms that a company employs to pay its employees. The system identifies the employees, the salaries, deductions and bonuses due to such. Payroll systems can either be computerised or manual

Master Files :
The Employee Master File contains one record for each of your employees. Each Employee record contains general information such as name, address, social security number, pay type and tax information.
The Employee Master File should not be used as a personnel file. Its purpose is to generate payroll in an efficient manner and not to keep performance appraisals, etc. on the employees.

Transaction Files : 
he input data put into the transaction file would consist of records showing how many hours each employee had worked in the current week. Sometimes transactions would be used to add a new record if a new employee started or delete a record when an employee left the company.

Time Management ... No Second Is Wasted !!

Define Time Management :-

 Time management is the act or process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities, especially to increase effectiveness, efficiency or productivity.

Some Features Of Time Management :-

Good time management is one of the main keys to effective work output.

1- Prioritising your workload - Make lists of what has to be done during the day or week and then prioritise the tasks.
2- Delegation - You don’t have to do everything yourself. Some jobs can be delegated to other team members who might have more expertise in the area and a little more time.
3- Use Diaries - Keeping an accurate diary can mean that vital times, appointments and reminders are not forgotten.
4- Minimise time wasters - Look at what things in your day take a lot of time and assess whether they are essential.

The role of ICT in time management :

Time managment is a field where ICT plays a great role Phones,IPads, PDAs and many other devices became assensial in many peaple's lifes as they manage every work,meeting,break they have ... they use it to write their objectives of the, set reminders to important events in the day so they can carry on their work without being worried about forgetting their appontments... and of course they are all new ICT using devices.

Education & ICT

The story Of education

Advertising & ICT

Identify the types of advertising 
Product advertising- it is about advertising a single item, or a specific product.
Business advertising- they seek to make the company name familiar, good will.
Service advertising- it’s a type of advertisement where services tend to be advertised so that they reach the whole population for a nonprofit making reason.

Identify the methods of advertising
Websites: advertising on internet is reason development it tends to be achieved form of adverting and allows organization to advertise nationally and internationally by creating a website.
Advertising on other people’s websites: a cheaper alternative may be to advertise on existing websites. 
Getting into an online directory:  organization can advertise their name by getting it included in an online directory.
Multimedia presentations: these are presentation produced using presentation software’s with the normal features of multimedia for the sake of displaying the anted outlets on an extremely large screen placed in a central position I public places. 
Flyers: it is usually a single page leaflet used to advertise usually restaurant, an event or a service they tend to be used y individuals or small businesses.
Poster: it is a large printed piece of paper used to advertise product or services, they can be used to advertise a local event or used by a large national organization to advertise a product or service.

Recognize the role of ICT in Advertising :

when using online webpages for putting your advertisement whether it was your website or other people's websites then you are using ICT ... even when you are designing your flyer or poster you are using your computer's designing programs to do that and that is also making use of ICT.  

Teleworking ...

Although the concepts of "telecommuting" and "telework" are closely related, there is still a difference between the two. All types of technology-assisted work conducted outside of a centrally located work space  are regarded as telework. Telecommuters often maintain a traditional office and usually work from an alternative work site around 1 to 3 days a week. Telecommuting refers more specifically to work undertaken at a location that reduces commuting time. These locations can be inside the home or at some other remote workplace, which is facilitated through a broadband connection, computer or phone lines, or any other electronic media used to interact and communicate.

the hard ware :
- landline telephone
- computer

the software :
 - internet
- VPN

the use of ICT : -
the teleworker will use modern ICT equipment to do his work as he will be connected to the net through a secure VPN and all of his work will be depending on computer and internet access. 

Air Conditioning System!...Feel Cool Everywhere!!!

Air conditioning (often referred to as air-con, AC or A/C) is the process of altering the properties of air (primarily temperature and humidity) to more favorable conditions. 

Parts :-

Evaporator - Receives the liquid refrigerant
Condenser - Facilitates heat transfer
Expansion valve - regulates refrigerant flow into the evaporator
Compressor - A pump that pressurizes refrigerant

& there is a Fan 

How it works :-

Air conditioners use refrigeration to chill indoor air, taking advantage of a remarkable physical law: When a liquid converts to a gas (in a process called phase conversion), it absorbs heat.
The compounds involved are refrigerants that have properties enabling them to change at relatively low temperatures. Air conditioners also contain fans that move warm interior air over these cold, refrigerant-filled coils. In fact, central air conditioners have a whole system of ducts designed to funnel air to and from these serpentine, air-chilling coils.

When hot air flows over the cold, low-pressure evaporator coils, the refrigerant inside absorbs heat as it changes from a liquid to a gaseous state. To keep cooling efficiently, the air conditioner has to convert the refrigerant gas back to a liquid again. To do that, a compressor puts the gas under high pressure, a process that creates unwanted heat. All the extra heat created by compressing the gas is then evacuated to the outdoors with the help of a second set of coils called condenser coils, and a second fan. As the gas cools, it changes back to a liquid, and the process starts all over again. 

The Role Of ICT In This System :-
The use of sensors that compare the temperature requested and room temperature to control the switching on and off of the cooling system.

Central Heating System..Say: "Bye freezing & Hello WARMTH !!!"

A central heating system provides warmth to the whole interior of a building (or portion of a building) from one point to multiple rooms in order to control the building climate.

1) What are the main parts of central heating system?

 - Gas supply lines (sometimes including a propane tank), oil - tank and supply lines or district heating supply lines
- Boiler: heats water in a closed-water system
- Pump: circulates the water in the closed system
- Radiators: wall-mounted panels through which the heated water passes in order to release heat into rooms

2) The role of ICT in this system.

The role of ICT is the use of (sensors, signal converters, special computer software, accumulator).

As the sensor senses the temperature from the system in the building it sends these information as Analogue signals that are converted to Digital signals by the ADC , these signals are sent to the computer that compares the temperature sent by the temperature needed, it forward sends Digital signals that are converted to Analogue by DAC and received by the accumulator which then gives orders to the system.

Control Systems ... Your Time Is Consumed !

What is a control system?
A control system is a device, or set of devices, that manages, commands, directs or regulates the behavior of other device(s) or system(s).

What is the hardware & software involved in car manufacturing control systems?
Hardware: 
the arms
the joints
the stepper motor
the end effector

Software :
the special controlling software in the microprocessor or computer that involves all the duties of the system.

Recognize the types of end effectors and their tasks :

1. Impactive – jaws or claws which physically grasp by direct impact upon the object.
2. Ingressive – pins, needles or hackles which physically penetrate the surface of the object (used in textile, carbon and glass fibre handling).
3. Astrictive – suction forces applied to the objects surface (whether by vacuum, magneto- or electro-adhesion).
4. Contigutive – requiring direct contact for adhesion to take place (such as glue, surface tension or freezing). 

Tourism Week In Spain!

Screen Magnifier & Zoom Tool

Screen Magnifier :-
A screen magnifier is software that interfaces with a computer's graphical output to present enlarged screen content. It is a type of assistive technology suitable for visually impaired people with some functional vision; visually impaired people with little or no functional vision usually use a screen reader.

The simplest form of magnification presents an enlarged portion of the original screen content, the focus, so that it covers some or all of the full screen.

 

Advantages :-

- helpful for people suffering from low vision

-makes text more clear for low vision people

 

Zoom Tool :-

It is a technology that allows users to change the size of images, text or interface. It can be used to display a higher resolution image.

Advantages :-

- show a higher resolution of the image.

- allow users to control the size of the view according to their need.

- helps low vision people to see the images or text in a better way.

 

 

 

your values make your way in life...

Online Check-In ... Your time is yours!

What is it??
Online check-in is the process in which passengers confirm their presence on a flight via the Internet and typically print their own boarding passes. Depending on the carrier and the specific flight, passengers may also enter details such as meal options and baggage quantities and select their preferred seating.

Advantages :-	Disadvantages:-
1-Easy and fast as it reduces the time a passenger would normally spend at an airport check-in counter.  2- Online check-in for a flight is often available earlier than its in-person counterpart. 3-  It also lessens activity at the airport, saving airlines money and reducing passenger waiting times.	1-Some airlines, would still require passengers to proceed to a check-in counter at the airport, regardless of preferred check-in method, for document verification. 2- If the printed boarding card is lost it will be a problem for the passenger.

SMS Check-In :-
In the mid-late 2000s, checking in was made possible using a passenger's mobile phone or PDA.  The check-in feature may be accessed by keying in a website on the mobile phone's browser or by downloading a dedicated application. 

At the end of the mobile check-in process, some airlines send a mobile boarding pass to a passenger's mobile device, which can be scanned at the airport during security checks and boarding. However, others send an electronic confirmation with a bar-code that can be presented to the staff at check-in or scanned at the kiosks to continue the check-in process.

Portable devices...laptops and mobile phones

here is a video which shows the history of a well known company "apple"'s laptops.

Our normal passport & The E-passport

THE NORMAL PASSPORT :-
A passport is a document, issued by a national government, which certifies the identity and nationality of its holder for the purpose of international travel. The elements of identity contained in all standardized passports include information about the holder, including name, date of birth, gender and place of birth.
A passport does not of itself entitle the passport holder entry into another country . It does, however, normally entitle the passport holder to return to the country that issued the passport.



THE E-PASSPORT :-
A biometric passport, also known as an e-passport, ePassport or a digital passport, is a combined paper and electronic passport that contains biometric information that can be used to authenticate the identity of travellers. It uses contactless smart card technology, including a microprocessor chipand antennaembedded in the front or back cover, or center page, of the passport. Document and chip characteristics are documented in the International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) The passport's critical information is both printed on the data page of the passport and stored in the chip. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is used to authenticate the data stored electronically in the passport chip making it expensive and difficult to forge when all security mechanisms are fully and correctly implemented.


If we com pair between the two passports given up , the biometric passport is more secure as all data is stored on the chip and it cant be forged because of the electronic key it has, also it is hard to track the passport as the chip can't be redden from a distance firther than 10cm, but in the other hand it takes along time to load the data stored on the chip and also the chip has a limited opacity which is another con of the e-passport. 

GPS & Satellite navigation system...the wide world is in your hands!!

GPS :-
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver. Using a GPS receiver  you can get your precise location very easily as the location will be specified by the orbiting satellites.
The GPS receiver has become a common item that is fitted to many devices, such as your mobile phone or the security system in your car. Many smartphones, such as the iPhone, have a GPS built-in. If allowed, applications can use this information to direct you to, say, the nearest Italian restaurant. Some digital cameras even have a GPS. They can use it record exactly where the photo was taken.


Satellite navigation system :- 

A satellite navigation or sat nav system is a system of satellites that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. It allows small electronic receivers to determine their location to within a few metres using time signals transmitted along a line-of-sight by radio from satellites. Receivers calculate the precise time as well as position, which can be used as a reference for scientific experiments.A sat nav is really some very special software that uses the GPS signal. It takes the co-ordinates provided by the GPS and combines that with a comprehensive map. Then, given a destination, the sat nav software will calculate a route for you to your destination. As the GPS signal is constantly updated, the sat nav can give you step-by-step instructions on where you are and when you need to make a turn.

Biometrics

Biometrics refers to the identification of humans by their characteristics or traits. Biometrics is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control based on knowing a person's biological features.
examples of these devices are :

1- Face scanner : Biometric face scanners identify a person by taking measurements of a person face. For example, the distance between the persons chin, eyes, nose, and mouth. These types of scanners can be very secure assuming they are smart enough to distinguish between a picture of a person and a real person.



2- Finger scanner : A finger scanner identifies the person by their finger print, and it is a secure method of identification as each person has a different finger print.



3- Retina or iris scanner : A biometric retina or iris scanner identifies a person by scanning the iris or retina of their eyes. These scanners are more secure biometric authentication schemes when compared to the other devices because there is no known way to duplicate the 
retina or iris. 




4- Voice scanner : A voice analysis can help improve security, but some less sophisticated scanners can be bypassed using a tape. Scanner will mathematically break down a person's voice to identify them. These scanners can cause a problem if there is any change in the voice as the voice should match the one in the system.

portable entertainment devices

portable entertainment devices such as : mp3 or DVD-player, which allow people to listen to music or films are now common place.
what do you think are the main advantages and disadvantages of this development?

Nowadays, products of hi-tech like a Mp3 or DVD-players become to be parts of the humans' life, and so they have advantages and disadvantages. People use these modern techniques everywhere and any time because they are portable, compact and are easy to carry around for example, we can take Mp3 or DVD-players with us during the travelling or going to somewhere. And these devices don't hold a large space which makes them more easy to use while travelling. Moreover, we are able to record not only music or movies, but also educational programs. These type of technologies have some opportunities. For instance, it can work without electricity and it is easy to handle. Besides, they have additional devices earphones in order not to distract other people.
On the other hand, Mp3 or DVD-players have some drawbacks. I mean, these devices may harm our eyes since the screen is too small, and the resolution might not be of a high quality. Its harmful to our ears too, because of using headphones and most people use them for hours. 
To sum everything up , these devices play a great role in people's lifes now days and are useful in many fields.

Welcome to my first blog...

Here you will find different ICT projects...

Hope you like it!